259 previous year questions in Geography, organised year-wise — each solved with option-by-option explanations.
A selection of 25 solved questions — sign up free to practise all 259.
Consider the following pairs: Region - Country 1. Mallorca - Italy 2. Normandy - Spain 3. Sardinia - France In how many of the above rows is the given information correctly matched?
Explanation
Correct. Mallorca belongs to Spain, Normandy is a region of France, and Sardinia is part of Italy. Since each pair assigns the wrong country, none is correctly matched.
Consider the following countries: 1. Bolivia 2. Brazil 3. Colombia 4. Ecuador 5. Paraguay 6. Venezuela Andes mountains pass through how many of the above countries?
Explanation
Correct. The Andes extend through Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile and Argentina. Among the listed countries, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Venezuela lie on the Andes, while Brazil and Paraguay do not.
Consider the following statements: Statement I: In January, in the Northern Hemisphere, the isotherms bend equatorward while crossing the landmasses, and poleward while crossing the oceans. Statement II: In January, the air over the oceans is warmer than that over the landmasses in the Northern Hemisphere. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
Explanation
Correct. In winter the ocean cools more slowly than land, so marine air remains relatively warmer. This thermal contrast causes isotherms to bend poleward over oceans and equatorward over continents.
Which of the following are the evidences of the phenomenon of continental drift? 1. The belt of ancient rocks from Brazil coast matches with those from Western Africa. 2. The gold deposits of Ghana are derived from the Brazil plateau when the two continents lay side by side. 3. The Gondwana system of sediments from India is known to have its counterparts in six different landmasses of the Southern Hemisphere. Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Explanation
Correct. All three are valid evidences: matching rock belts across the Atlantic, continuity of mineral deposits like Ghana's gold from the Brazilian shield, and the Gondwana sediment sequence found across six Southern Hemisphere landmasses.
Consider the following countries: 1. The UK 2. Australia 3. Brazil How many of the above countries have more than four time zones?
Explanation
Correct. The UK (through overseas territories), Australia (mainland plus external territories), and Brazil each span more than four time zones when all territories are included.
Consider the following statements: 1. Anadyr in Siberia and Nome in Alaska are a few kilometres from each other, but when people are waking up and getting set for breakfast in these cities, it would be different days. 2. When it is Monday in Anadyr, it is Tuesday in Nome. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Explanation
Correct. Anadyr and Nome lie on opposite sides of the International Date Line, so their local dates differ despite geographic proximity. However, Anadyr is ahead of Nome, so when it is Monday in Anadyr it would still be Sunday in Nome, not Tuesday. Only Statement 1 is correct.
Consider the following statements: Statement I: The amount of dust particles in the atmosphere is more in subtropical and temperate areas than in equatorial and polar regions. Statement II: Subtropical and temperate areas have less dry winds. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
Explanation
Correct. Dust loading is greater in subtropical and temperate belts because they contain major desert-source regions with active dry winds. Statement II wrongly claims these areas have less dry wind.
Consider the following pairs: Country — Resource-rich in 1. Botswana — Diamond 2. Chile — Lithium 3. Indonesia — Nickel In how many of the above rows is the given information correctly matched?
Explanation
Correct. Botswana is one of the world's leading diamond producers, Chile holds the largest lithium reserves and is a top producer, and Indonesia is the world's largest nickel-ore producer and exporter.
Consider the following statements: Statement I: In the context of effect of water on rocks, chalk is known as a very permeable rock whereas clay is known as quite an impermeable or least permeable rock. Statement II: Chalk is porous and hence can absorb water. Statement III: Clay is not at all porous. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
Explanation
Correct. Statement II is true — chalk is porous and absorbs water, explaining its permeability. Statement III is false because clay does have porosity; it is the tiny pore size that makes clay impermeable, not the absence of pores.
Consider the following statements: 1. Without the atmosphere, temperature would be well below freezing point everywhere on the Earth's surface. 2. Heat absorbed and trapped by the atmosphere maintains our planet's average temperature. 3. Atmosphere's gases, like carbon dioxide, are particularly good at absorbing and trapping radiation. Which of the statements given above are correct?
Explanation
Correct. Without the atmosphere, Earth's mean surface temperature would be about -18°C. The greenhouse effect traps heat, and gases like CO2 are particularly effective at absorbing and re-radiating longwave radiation.
Consider the following countries: 1. United Kingdom 2. Denmark 3. New Zealand 4. Australia 5. Brazil How many of the above countries have more than four time zones?
Explanation
Correct. The United Kingdom (including overseas territories such as Gibraltar, Bermuda and Pitcairn), Australia (mainland zones plus territories like Lord Howe, Norfolk and Christmas Island) and Brazil (Acre through Fernando de Noronha) each span more than four time zones. Denmark and New Zealand do not exceed that threshold.
Consider the following statements: Statement I: Scientific studies suggest that a shift is taking place in the Earth's rotation and axis. Statement II: Solar flares and associated coronal mass ejections bombarded the Earth's outermost atmosphere with tremendous amount of energy. Statement III: As the Earth's polar ice melts, the water tends to move towards the equator. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
Explanation
Correct. Both statements are true, but only Statement III explains Statement I. Redistribution of mass from melting polar ice toward the equator alters Earth's rotational balance and contributes to polar drift. Solar flares do not cause axis shift.
Consider the following water bodies: 1. Lake Tanganyika 2. Lake Tonle Sap 3. Patos Lagoon Through how many of them does the equator pass?
Explanation
Correct. Lake Tanganyika lies entirely south of the equator, Tonle Sap is in Cambodia well north of it, and Patos Lagoon in southern Brazil is also far south of the equator. None of the three is crossed by the equator.
Consider the following statements: 1. The Red Sea receives very little precipitation in any form. 2. No water enters the Red Sea from rivers. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Explanation
Correct. The Red Sea lies in an arid belt receiving very little precipitation and has no major perennial river inflow. These factors contribute to its exceptionally high salinity.
Consider the following statements: Statement I: Rainfall is one of the reasons for weathering of rocks. Statement II: Rain water contains carbon dioxide in solution. Statement III: Rain water contains atmospheric oxygen. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
Explanation
Correct. Dissolved carbon dioxide makes rainwater weakly acidic (carbonic acid), enabling chemical weathering of rocks. Dissolved atmospheric oxygen enables oxidation of iron-bearing minerals. Both processes contribute to rock weathering.
With reference to 'water vapour', which of the following statements is/are correct? 1. It is a gas, the amount of which decreases with altitude. 2. Its percentage is maximum at the poles. Select the answer using the code given below.
Explanation
Correct. Water vapour is concentrated in the lower atmosphere because it enters the air mainly through surface evaporation. Its percentage is highest in warm, humid tropical zones, not at the cold poles.
Consider the following: 1. Pyroclastic debris 2. Ash and dust 3. Nitrogen compounds 4. Sulphur compounds How many of the above are products of volcanic eruptions?
Explanation
Correct. Volcanic eruptions eject solid materials such as pyroclastic debris, ash and dust, and also release gases containing sulphur compounds (SO2, H2S) and nitrogen compounds along with water vapour and CO2.
With reference to the Himalayan rivers joining the Ganga downstream of Prayagraj from West to East, which one of the following sequences is correct?
Explanation
Correct. Moving eastward after Prayagraj, the Gomati joins first (near Varanasi), followed by the Ghaghara, then the Gandak, and finally the Kosi farther east in Bihar.
Consider the following countries: 1. Finland 2. Germany 3. Norway 4. Russia How many of the above countries have a border with the North Sea?
Explanation
Correct. Germany and Norway border the North Sea. Finland borders the Baltic Sea and the Arctic Ocean, while Russia's European coast fronts the Baltic and Arctic seas, not the North Sea.
Which of the following countries are well known as the two largest cocoa producers in the world?
Explanation
Correct. West Africa dominates global cocoa production, with Cote d'Ivoire and Ghana consistently ranking as the two largest producers, together accounting for more than 60 per cent of world output.
Consider the following statements: Statement I: Thickness of the troposphere at the equator is much greater as compared to poles. Statement II: At the equator, heat is transported to great heights by strong convectional currents. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
Explanation
Correct. The troposphere extends to about 16 km at the equator but only 8 km at the poles. Intense solar heating drives deep convection that pushes the tropopause higher at the equator.
Consider the following description: 1. Annual and daily range of temperatures is low. 2. Precipitation occurs throughout the year. 3. Precipitation varies between 50 cm - 250 cm. What is this type of climate?
Explanation
Correct. Marine west coast climates have equable temperatures due to oceanic influence (low annual and daily range), year-round precipitation, and moderate rainfall totals of 50-250 cm.
Consider the following statements: Statement I: The atmosphere is heated more by incoming solar radiation than by terrestrial radiation. Statement II: Carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere are good absorbers of long wave radiation. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
Explanation
Correct. The lower atmosphere is heated mainly by longwave terrestrial radiation re-emitted from the Earth's surface. Greenhouse gases are efficient absorbers of this longwave radiation, which is why Statement II is correct.
With reference to 'Coriolis force', which of the following statements are correct? 1. It increases with increase in wind velocity. 2. It is maximum at the poles and is absent at the equator. Select the answer using the code given below.
Explanation
Correct. Coriolis force depends on both wind velocity and latitude. It increases with wind speed and varies from zero at the equator to maximum at the poles.
Consider the following information: Region — Name of the mountain range — Type of mountain 1. Central Asia — Vosges — Fold mountain 2. Europe — Alps — Block mountain 3. North America — Appalachians — Fold mountain 4. South America — Andes — Fold mountain In how many of the above rows is the given information correctly matched?
Explanation
Correct. Rows 3 and 4 are correct: the Appalachians and Andes are both fold mountains. Vosges is in Europe (not Central Asia) and is a block mountain, while the Alps are fold mountains (not block mountains).
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