Polity & Governance chapter practice
Practise 80+ Fundamental Rights MCQs for UPSC Prelims in Polity & Governance, including 19+ previous year questions. The sample set below is shown with correct answers and explanations.
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Under which of the following Articles of the Constitution of India, has the Supreme Court of India placed the Right to Privacy?
Explanation
Correct. In Justice K. S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India (2017), a nine-judge bench unanimously held that the right to privacy is a constitutionally protected right under Article 21, which guarantees the right to life and personal liberty.
Consider the following statements: Statement I: The Supreme Court of India has held in some judgments that reservation policies under Article 16(4) would be limited by Article 335 for maintenance of efficiency of administration. Statement II: Article 335 of the Constitution of India defines the term 'efficiency of administration.' Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?
Explanation
Correct. The Supreme Court has treated Article 335 as a limiting consideration on reservation under Article 16(4), requiring that claims of SCs and STs be consistent with maintenance of efficiency. However, Article 335 does not define 'efficiency of administration.'
"Right to Privacy" is protected under which Article of the Constitution of India?
Explanation
Correct. In Justice K. S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India (2017), the Supreme Court held that the right to privacy is protected as a fundamental right under Article 21 (right to life and personal liberty).
A legislation which confers on the executive or administrative authority an unguided and uncontrolled discretionary power in the matter of application of law violates which one of the following Articles of the Constitution of India?
Explanation
Correct. Article 14 guarantees equality before law and equal protection of laws. The Supreme Court has held that arbitrary and unguided executive discretion violates the non-arbitrariness doctrine inherent in Article 14.
What is the position of the Right to Property in India?
Explanation
Correct. After the 44th Amendment removed it from Part III, the right to property is a constitutional legal right under Article 300A, available to any person — not limited to citizens.
Which one of the following categories of Fundamental Rights incorporates protection against untouchability as a form of discrimination?
Explanation
Correct. Article 17, which abolishes untouchability, falls within the Right to Equality (Articles 14-18). Untouchability is treated as a form of discrimination prohibited under the equality code.
Which Article of the Constitution of India safeguards one's right to marry the person of one's choice?
Explanation
Correct. The Supreme Court has held that the right to marry a person of one's choice is part of personal liberty, dignity, and autonomy under Article 21.
Right to Privacy is protected as an intrinsic part of Right to Life and Personal Liberty. Which of the following in the Constitution of India correctly and appropriately imply the above statement?
Explanation
Correct. In Justice K. S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India (2017), the Supreme Court held privacy to be intrinsic to life and personal liberty under Article 21, read with the freedoms guaranteed under Part III of the Constitution.
Which of the following are envisaged by the Right against Exploitation in the Constitution of India? 1. Prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labour 2. Abolition of untouchability 3. Protection of the interests of minorities 4. Prohibition of employment of children in factories and mines Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Explanation
Correct. The Right against Exploitation comprises Article 23 (prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labour) and Article 24 (prohibition of child labour in hazardous employment). Untouchability and minority rights belong to other categories.
Consider the following: 1. Right to education 2. Right to equal access to public service 3. Right to food Which of the above is/are human rights under the Universal Declaration of Human Rights?
Explanation
Correct. The UDHR includes the right to education (Article 26), the right to equal access to public service (Article 21), and the right to an adequate standard of living encompassing food (Article 25).
In India, if a religious sect/community is given the status of a national minority, what special advantages is it entitled to? 1. It can establish and administer exclusive educational institutions. 2. The President of India automatically nominates a representative of the community to the Lok Sabha. 3. It can derive benefits from the Prime Minister's 15-Point Programme. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Explanation
Correct. Under Article 30, minorities can establish and administer educational institutions. They can also benefit from the PM's 15-Point Programme. There is no automatic Lok Sabha nomination for minority representatives.
Consider the following statements: 1. Article 301 pertains to the Right to Property. 2. Right to Property is a legal right but not a fundamental right. 3. Article 300A was inserted in the Constitution of India by the 44th Constitutional Amendment. Which of the above statements are true?
Explanation
Correct. Only Statement 2 is treated as correct per the UPSC answer key. Right to Property ceased to be a fundamental right after the 44th Amendment and is now a legal right under Article 300A.
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