Environment chapter practice
Practise 80+ Conservation Programmes and Missions MCQs for UPSC Prelims in Environment, including 16+ previous year questions. The sample set below is shown with correct answers and explanations.
12 sample questions are shown here; sign up free to practise all 80.
Among the following Tiger Reserves, which one has the largest area under 'Critical Tiger Habitat'?
Explanation
Correct. Nagarjunasagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve, spread across Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, has the largest notified Critical Tiger Habitat among all Indian tiger reserves.
Which one of the following protected areas is well-known for the conservation of a sub-species of the Indian swamp deer (Barasingha) that thrives well on hard ground and is exclusively graminivorous?
Explanation
Correct. Kanha National Park in Madhya Pradesh is famous for conserving the hard-ground Barasingha (Rucervus duvaucelii branderi), which was brought back from the brink of extinction through a dedicated species recovery effort.
Consider the following statements: 1. The definition of 'Critical Wildlife Habitat' is incorporated in the Forest Rights Act, 2006. 2. For the first time in India, Baigas have been given Habitat Rights. 3. Union Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change officially decides and declares Habitat Rights for Primitive and Vulnerable Tribal Groups in any part of India. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Explanation
Correct. The Forest Rights Act, 2006 defines Critical Wildlife Habitat, and the Baiga tribe in Madhya Pradesh was the first to receive Habitat Rights under this Act. Habitat Rights are decided by the State government through the District Level Committee, not by MoEFCC.
The term 'M-STrIPES' is sometimes seen in the news in the context of:
Explanation
Correct. M-STrIPES (Monitoring System for Tigers — Intensive Protection and Ecological Status) is a software-based patrolling and ecological monitoring system used by NTCA for tiger reserve management.
Recently there was a proposal to translocate some of the lions from their natural habitat in Gujarat to which one of the following sites?
Explanation
Correct. The Supreme Court in 2013 directed the translocation of some Asiatic lions from Gir to Kuno Palpur (now Kuno National Park) in Madhya Pradesh to establish a second population as an insurance against catastrophic events.
From the ecological point of view, which one of the following assumes importance in being a good link between the Eastern Ghats and the Western Ghats?
Explanation
Correct. Sathyamangalam Tiger Reserve in Tamil Nadu lies at the confluence of the Eastern and Western Ghats, serving as a critical wildlife corridor connecting the two mountain systems.
Which of the following are the key features of 'National Ganga River Basin Authority (NGRBA)'? 1. River basin is the unit of planning and management. 2. It spearheads the river conservation efforts at the national level. 3. One of the Chief Ministers of the States through which the Ganga flows becomes the Chairman of NGRBA on rotation basis. Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Explanation
Correct. NGRBA adopted the river basin as the unit of planning and spearheaded national-level Ganga conservation. It was chaired by the Prime Minister, not by a rotating Chief Minister.
Which of the following best describes/describe the aim of 'Green India Mission' of the Government of India? 1. Incorporating environmental benefits and costs into the Union and State Budgets thereby implementing the 'green accounting' 2. Launching the second green revolution to enhance agricultural output so as to ensure food security to one and all in the future 3. Restoring and enhancing forest cover and responding to climate change by a combination of adaptation and mitigation measures Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Explanation
Correct. The National Mission for a Green India (GIM), one of the eight missions under the National Action Plan on Climate Change, aims to increase forest and tree cover and respond to climate change through both adaptation and mitigation.
What are the benefits of implementing the 'Integrated Watershed Development Programme'? 1. Prevention of soil runoff 2. Linking the country's perennial rivers with seasonal rivers 3. Rainwater harvesting and recharge of groundwater table 4. Regeneration of natural vegetation Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Explanation
Correct. IWDP benefits include preventing soil runoff, rainwater harvesting with groundwater recharge, and natural vegetation regeneration. River-linking is an entirely different programme.
In which one among the following categories of protected areas in India are local people not allowed to collect and use the biomass?
Explanation
Correct. National Parks under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 have the strictest protection; no grazing, biomass collection, or private rights are permitted within them.
India is a party to the Ramsar Convention and has declared many areas as Ramsar Sites. Which of the following statements best describes how we should maintain these sites in the context of this Convention?
Explanation
Correct. The Ramsar Convention's core principle of 'wise use' means maintaining the ecological character of wetlands while allowing sustainable use simultaneously through an ecosystem approach.
Which one of the following Union Ministries implements the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety?
Explanation
Correct. The Ministry of Environment and Forests (now MoEFCC) is the national focal point and implementing ministry for the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety under the Convention on Biological Diversity.
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