Polity, Governance and Institutions in News — UPSC Prelims practice questions

Q: How many Polity, Governance and Institutions in News MCQs are available for UPSC Prelims practice?

PrelimsAI currently has 80+ Polity, Governance and Institutions in News MCQs under Current Affairs. This page shows 12 sample questions in full.

Q: How many Polity, Governance and Institutions in News previous year questions are included?

2+ questions in this chapter are tagged as UPSC Prelims PYQs. PYQs are prioritised in the visible sample set when available.

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Yes. The 12 visible sample questions show the correct option and explanation on this page.

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Continue with International Relations and Groupings in News or Geography and Places in News, or return to the Current Affairs subject page for more chapter-wise practice.

Question 1

"Rule of Law Index" is released by which of the following? (A) Amnesty International (B) International Court of Justice (C) The Office of UN Commissioner for Human Rights (D) World Justice Project

Accepted Answer

(D) World Justice Project — Correct. The Rule of Law Index is published annually by the World Justice Project, ranking countries on governance, accountability and justice indicators.

Question 2

Regarding 'DigiLocker', sometimes seen in the news, which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. It is a digital locker system offered by the Government under Digital India Programme.
2. It allows you to access your e-documents irrespective of your physical location.
Select the correct answer using the code given below. (A) 1 only (B) 2 only (C) Both 1 and 2 (D) Neither 1 nor 2

Accepted Answer

(C) Both 1 and 2 — Correct. DigiLocker is a Digital India initiative offering a cloud-based platform to store and access official documents from anywhere.

Question 3

Consider the following statements about the Central Administrative Tribunal (CAT):
1. It was established under the Administrative Tribunals Act, 1985 enacted under Article 323A of the Constitution.
2. It adjudicates disputes relating to recruitment and conditions of service of Central Government employees.
3. Appeals from CAT decisions go to the concerned High Court.
Which of the statements given above are correct? (A) 1 and 2 only (B) 1, 2 and 3 (C) 1 and 3 only (D) 2 and 3 only

Accepted Answer

(B) 1, 2 and 3 — Correct. CAT was established under the 1985 Act (Article 323A), handles service matters of Central Government employees, and its orders are appealable to the High Court.

Question 4

The Government of India's 'Mission Karmayogi', which has been in the news, is related to: (A) Capacity building and civil services reform for government employees (B) Providing employment guarantee to rural youth (C) Promoting entrepreneurship among armed forces veterans (D) Skilling urban unemployed youth through public-private partnerships

Accepted Answer

(A) Capacity building and civil services reform for government employees — Correct. Mission Karmayogi (National Programme for Civil Services Capacity Building) aims to transform capacity building in the civil services through a competency-driven framework and the iGOT Karmayogi digital platform.

Question 5

Which of the following bodies is responsible for conducting elections to Panchayats and Municipalities in India? (A) Election Commission of India (B) State Election Commission (C) District Magistrate of the concerned district (D) National Commission for Local Self-Government

Accepted Answer

(B) State Election Commission — Correct. Under Articles 243K and 243ZA, the State Election Commission superintends and controls elections to Panchayats and Municipalities.

Question 6

Consider the following statements about the National Investigation Agency (NIA):
1. It was established in the wake of the 26/11 Mumbai terror attacks.
2. It can investigate terror-related cases across India without requiring prior consent of State Governments.
3. It can probe offences committed outside India if they affect Indian citizens or Indian interests.
Which of the statements given above are correct? (A) 1 and 2 only (B) 2 and 3 only (C) 1 and 3 only (D) 1, 2 and 3

Accepted Answer

(D) 1, 2 and 3 — Correct. The NIA was created post-26/11, operates without state consent for scheduled offences, and post-2019 amendment can probe offences committed abroad affecting Indian citizens.

Question 7

Consider the following statements about the Enforcement Directorate (ED):
1. It investigates offences under the Prevention of Money Laundering Act (PMLA).
2. It also enforces the Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA).
3. It functions under the Ministry of Home Affairs.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (A) 1 and 2 only (B) 1 only (C) 2 and 3 only (D) 1, 2 and 3

Accepted Answer

(A) 1 and 2 only — Correct. The ED investigates money laundering under PMLA and enforces FEMA provisions. It functions under the Department of Revenue in the Ministry of Finance, not the Ministry of Home Affairs.

Question 8

The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Amendment Act, 2023, which was in the news, primarily aims to: (A) Allow private sector participation in the exploration and mining of critical and strategic minerals including lithium (B) Nationalise all mineral resources and ban private mining completely (C) Transfer all mining regulation powers from the Centre to State Governments (D) Establish a new mineral regulatory authority to replace the Indian Bureau of Mines

Accepted Answer

(A) Allow private sector participation in the exploration and mining of critical and strategic minerals including lithium — Correct. The 2023 Amendment added critical minerals like lithium to the list allowing private sector auction-based mining, previously reserved for government entities.

Question 9

Consider the following statements about the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India (IBBI):
1. It is the regulator for insolvency proceedings under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016.
2. It registers insolvency professional agencies and information utilities.
3. It was established by a constitutional amendment.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (A) 1 and 2 only (B) 1, 2 and 3 (C) 1 only (D) 2 and 3 only

Accepted Answer

(A) 1 and 2 only — Correct. IBBI regulates insolvency proceedings and registers insolvency professionals, agencies, and information utilities. It was established by the IBC statute, not a constitutional amendment.

Question 10

The concept of 'Cooperative Federalism' often seen in news in the Indian context refers to: (A) A system where only the Union Government makes all policy decisions and states merely implement them (B) A system where the Union and State Governments cooperate and coordinate to achieve shared governance objectives (C) A system where States have complete autonomy without any Union Government involvement (D) A system where foreign governments cooperate with India on federal governance issues

Accepted Answer

(B) A system where the Union and State Governments cooperate and coordinate to achieve shared governance objectives — Correct. Cooperative federalism envisions the Centre and States working as partners, sharing resources and coordinating policies for effective governance.

Question 11

Consider the following statements about the National Commission for Minorities (NCM):
1. It is a statutory body established under the National Commission for Minorities Act, 1992.
2. It can look into complaints regarding deprivation of rights and safeguards of minorities.
3. Muslims, Christians, Sikhs, Buddhists, Zoroastrians (Parsis) and Jains are notified as minority communities at the national level.
Which of the statements given above are correct? (A) 1 and 2 only (B) 1, 2 and 3 (C) 2 and 3 only (D) 1 and 3 only

Accepted Answer

(B) 1, 2 and 3 — Correct. The NCM is a statutory body that handles minority rights complaints, and all six listed communities are notified minorities at the national level.

Question 12

The 105th Constitutional Amendment Act, recently discussed in the news, is related to: (A) Restoring the power of State Governments to identify and notify Other Backward Classes (B) Extending reservation for SC/ST in legislatures for another ten years (C) Granting constitutional status to the National Human Rights Commission (D) Raising the upper limit of reservation beyond 50 per cent

Accepted Answer

(A) Restoring the power of State Governments to identify and notify Other Backward Classes — Correct. The 105th Amendment restored the power of State Governments to prepare their own lists of socially and educationally backward classes, which the 102nd Amendment had inadvertently centralised.

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